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Dungeons & Dragons retro-clones : ウィキペディア英語版
Dungeons & Dragons retro-clones
''Dungeons & Dragons'' retro-clones are fantasy role-playing games that seek to emulate editions of ''Dungeons & Dragons'' (''D&D'') no longer supported by Wizards of the Coast. They are mostly made possible by the terms of the Open Game License and System Reference Document, which allows the use of much of the proprietary terminology of ''D&D'' that might otherwise collectively constitute a copyright infringement. While these rules lack the name ''D&D'' or any of the associated trademarks, their intent is to have a playable experience similar to those older editions.
==History==
A portion of long-time ''D&D'' fans prefer earlier editions to the current one and continue to play them. In addition, new games have been published which address the perceived inability of newer editions to preserve the tone of classic ''D&D'' while still fixing some of the faulty rules of older versions. ''Castles & Crusades'' is one such example, utilizing the unified d20 mechanic of 3rd Edition while dropping what are often perceived as complications (Feats, Skills, Prestige Classes, etc.).
Role-playing game publisher Matthew Finch was involved in the development of ''Castles & Crusades'', serving as editor of the ''Player's Handbook'', and was the initial author of ''OSRIC'', which was afterward taken up by Stuart Marshall and released to the public in 2006 as a retro-clone of the first edition of ''Advanced Dungeons & Dragons'' (1977–1989). The release was met with minor online controversy, and served to prompt another game designer, Daniel Proctor, to write and release ''Labyrinth Lord'' in 2007, a more complete retro-clone of the 1981 version of the ''Dungeons & Dragons Basic Set'' and its accompanying ''Expert Set''. The following year, Finch announced the release of ''Swords & Wizardry'', ostensibly a retro-clone of the original ''Dungeons & Dragons'' game.
Many variants have appeared since the original release of ''OSRIC'', as well as restatements of other editions of ''D&D'' and other adventure role-playing games. The games are fostered and supported online by various forums and blogs, sometimes collectively referred to as the Old School Renaissance (OSR), but are also increasingly finding their way into brick and mortar game stores.

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